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SATOSHI WATCHER
2009-2010 P2PK rewards · public keys onchain since day one
CURATED · 4 ADDRESSES · 4 EXPOSED
$3,513,096
of BTC sits on already-exposed public keys. That's 57.7309 BTC harvestable today, decryptable when a sufficiently large fault-tolerant quantum computer arrives.
Genesis coinbase
P2PK1A1zP1eP5QGefi2DMPTfTL5SLmv7DivfNa
Block 0 reward. Unspendable due to a client bug — but the public key sits in the coinbase scriptPubKey, permanently onchain.
mempool.spaceMINTED 2009-01-03
USD AT RISK
$3,481,258
57.2079 BTC
SCORE 70/100 · HIGH
Block 9 — first P2P transfer
P2PK12cbQLTFMXRnSzktFkuoG3eHoMeFtpTu3S
Satoshi → Hal Finney, Jan 12 2009. Generally cited as the first onchain payment.
mempool.spaceMINTED 2009-01-12
USD AT RISK
$27,028
0.4440 BTC
SCORE 64.77/100 · HIGH
2010-era P2PK block reward
P2PK1HLoD9E4SDFFPDiYfNYnkBLQ85Y51J3Zb1
Representative un-spent 2010 P2PK reward — public key onchain since 2010.
mempool.spaceMINTED 2010-04-18
USD AT RISK
$4,809
0.0790 BTC
SCORE 62.27/100 · HIGH
Hal Finney's Block 78 reward
P2PK1Q2TWHE3GMdB6BZKafqwxXtWAWgFt5Jvm3
Early P2PK reward associated with Hal Finney.
mempool.spaceMINTED 2009-01-10
USD AT RISK
$1
2.38e-5 BTC
SCORE 65.53/100 · HIGH
HNDL LEADERBOARD · PUBLIC SCAN CORPUS
Most-exposed addresses scanned via QorTrace
15 ADDRESSES · ALL
$10,442,913,609
total balance on exposed keys in the current view. Methodology: qortrace-method-v0.1
| # | Chain | Wallet | Type | Balance USD | Score | Band |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | BITCOIN | Bitfinex 2016 hack walletCURATED bc1qgd…vw97Address tied to the 2016 Bitfinex breach. Pubkey exposed; assets later seized by US authorities. | P2WPKH | $8,165,757,549 | 75/100 | HIGH |
| 2 | SOLANA | Binance Solana hot walletCURATED 9WzDXw…AWWMBinance Solana custody address — high tx volume, pubkey exposed via signed transfers. | Ed25519 PublicKey (=Address) | $936,181,474 | 90/100 | CRITICAL |
| 3 | ETHEREUM | Bitfinex hot walletCURATED 0xE92d…226fBitfinex custodial hot wallet — public infrastructure, pubkey exposed from signed transfers. | EOA | $777,858,497 | 75/100 | HIGH |
| 4 | ETHEREUM | Binance hot wallet 14CURATED 0x28C6…1d60Binance custodial hot wallet — signed millions of outbound transfers; pubkey exposed. | EOA | $535,542,941 | 85/100 | CRITICAL |
| 5 | ETHEREUM | Binance hot wallet 16CURATED 0xDFd5…963dSecondary Binance hot wallet — same exposure profile as wallet 14 (signed millions of outbound sends). | EOA | $27,461,891 | 85/100 | CRITICAL |
| 6 | BITCOIN | Mt. Gox cold wallet (drained)CURATED 1FfmbH…paPHMt. Gox's most-cited cold wallet. Drained in the 2014 hack — pubkey is permanently onchain. | P2PKH | $78,541 | 71/100 | HIGH |
| 7 | ETHEREUM | Coinbase hot wallet 1CURATED 0x7166…75d3Long-running Coinbase custodial hot wallet — pubkey onchain from years of signed sends. | EOA | $19,145 | 78/100 | CRITICAL |
| 8 | ETHEREUM | vitalik.ethCURATED 0xd8dA…6045Vitalik Buterin's primary public address — signed thousands of transactions; pubkey forever onchain. | EOA (EIP-7702 delegated) | $9,821 | 77/100 | CRITICAL |
| 9 | SOLANA | Coinbase Solana hot walletCURATED 5Q544f…e4j1Coinbase Solana-side custodial hot wallet — pubkey exposed across years of customer withdrawals. | Ed25519 PublicKey (=Address) | $2,327 | 79/100 | CRITICAL |
| 10 | ETHEREUM | 0xF405…A8C5 | EOA | $810 | 72/100 | HIGH |
| 11 | ETHEREUM | brantly.eth (ENS Labs)CURATED 0x9831…6744Brantly Millegan — well-documented ENS leadership address. Pubkey exposed via long signature history. | EOA | $525 | 71/100 | HIGH |
| 12 | BASE | 0x8C1C…D255 | EOA (EIP-7702 delegated) | $62 | 67/100 | HIGH |
| 13 | ETHEREUM | 0x1Ec8…9882 | EOA | $24 | 63/100 | HIGH |
| 14 | ETHEREUM | Kraken hot walletCURATED 0x2910…63D2Kraken custodial hot wallet — high signature volume, pubkey exposed across thousands of withdrawals. | EOA | $3 | 62/100 | HIGH |
| 15 | ETHEREUM | 0x066e…65f4 | EOA (EIP-7702 delegated) | $0 | 59/100 | HIGH |
FOR CUSTODIANS, EXCHANGES, AND TREASURY OWNERS
Drop your full address list — get one HNDL exposure report.
Paste up to 50 BTC/ETH addresses at once. We re-use the QorTrace scoring engine to produce a single rolled-up report — exposed key count, total USD at risk, and a per-row breakdown. Same methodology powering every audit certificate.